Bulk

Our little shop has taken a giant leap into modern biomass distribution. It sounds pretty dramatic, eh? Actually, it's very simple. Bulk fuel. Although wood pellet technology began in the US it is Europe that has run with the technology. The majority of their systems are whole house systems utilizing bulk feed. Driving down the roads you see pellet tank trucks driving about like you would see oil trucks in New England. The US has the majority of it's fuel packaged in forty pound bags, palletized, and covered with a plastic hood. This has made it easy for people with limited storage to obtain the fuel, and makes it easy to store as it is in (semi) weather proof packaging. Now that the US seems to be realizing the power of pellet as an alternative to oil heat, and embracing the use of it as a whole house heater the obvious next move is bulk. This would benefit in many ways.
First would be the supply chain. Now, instead of scrambling to secure your year's supply in April (along with 50-70% of other users) you could have your fuel delivered to your home throughout the year as you need it. This would help to level the pricing as well. Instead of being dramatically "cheaper" in the spring and "expensive" in the winter it will be affordable year round. The convenience and ease will increase dramatically. No more lugging bags and filling your stove daily. Even my mid-step system allows me to fill my Harman Bulk Bin every week to three, instead of daily even if I did use bags in the past. Oh yes, then there are the bags. How much extra cost will we save when we don't have fifty disposable bags, and a plastic hood, and plastic wrap for the pallet? The environmental benefit aside those bags cost $$$! They also represent additional weight in shipping. All the little pieces add up to the benefits of bulk!

I am excited about the future of pellets! Let's see how far we can go...

Energiesparverband

Last week in Wels Austria the World Sustainable Energy Days and Pellet Conference was held ending with the Energiesparmesse industry trade show. I was not able to attend this year, but wanted to share a little from my past visits. Many countries converge on the friendly town of Wels located near the German border. It is easily accessible by car as we drove in from Munich one year, or the ever-popular train. My last visit I stayed in Salzburg and enjoyed the countryside during the one hour train ride into Wels each day.
The invitation began with site visits. We all loaded on to motor coaches for visits to various pellet projects. The first stop was at a district heating facility that provided biomass heat for the neighborhood below. The boiler was housed in a modest building with supplies out back. This seemed a practical solution compared to each home having an appliance and independent fuel supply. One appliance maintained by a few people as opposed to 3500 appliances.

As we were driving to our next destination we saw what looked like a small grain truck going down the road past us. We were delighted to see that it was a bulk pellet fuel delivery truck from a local mill.

Our next stop was a local pellet mill. It was built adjacent to the lumber portion of the business with conveyors to move the raw material from one section to the other. Pellets were made with similar equipment to US mills. The difference was after the production. As most fuel in Europe is bulk the fuel is conveyed to a holding tank, and there was a drive through section of the building with a loading hose for the bulk trucks. They did have a small bagging section that was new to them. The price was higher for the ~15 kg bags, but the bags were unique. They were a biodegradable corn fiber bag as opposed to the plastic bags we use in the US.

We then headed off to Guntamatic, a pellet appliance manufacturer. They showed a wide variety of pellet boiler, and furnace systems. Again, most biomass appliances in Europe are whole house systems. They let us tour their efficient and clean factory that uses laser welders, cutters, and a state of the art cad design system. Then they did a product seminar explaining the various components and boiler systems. I was most impressed by their ability to accept a much higher ash pellet, their ash handling system, and the bulk containment systems that pneumatically transferred pellets from the tank to the boiler.
Our last stop was a consumers home. They had created a bin for the fuel in their basement with a convenient fill port on the outside. It was conveyed using an auger to their boiler system. They had received tax incentive from their government to help offset the cost of purchasing and installing the biomass system.

The conference itself began the next day with many government officials making presentations about their countries plans, success, and future goals. There were also conferences on new technologies, and cooperative projects to further technology and distribution. Each country had and shared their various incentive programs. This is a far cry from the US Hearth Show that is run by people tend to merely dismiss pellet on a good day...
The first year I attended they had invited all of the US pellet manufacturers. They were trying to secure additional supplies as their expansion was rapid, and supplies thin. Last year European biomass pellet consumption surpassed 10 million tons. The US doesn't have an accurate figure but estimates put it at 1 to 1/5 million.
The end of the week brought the Energiesparmesse. The equivalent of our hearth show, but so much more. It was a venue with four halls, booths inside and out. We saw everything from the beautiful tiled stoves that are so prevalent over there, to solar systems, pellet-solar systems, boiler manufacturers, builders with pex and insulation systems, bulk feed material supply, stove manufacturers, fireplaces, pipe companies.
The stand-outs in my mind were the BP biomass booth, Okofen's bulk feed bins, Froling's boilers, a company that made pex panels for wall use, and a kitchen stove manufacturer that had a wood pellet kitchen stove that was as elegant as a cast iron wood cook stove, but with the ease of pellet!
We also saw some familiar names like Enviro-fire which started in Europe and sells in the US.
The biggest impression I walked away with was how the government embraced, encouraged, and provided incentive for wood pellet products, and projects. Sweden uses pellet power for schools, government buildings, commercial buildings, district heating, electrical generation, and residential home heating. Italy, Bavaria, and France were not far behind.
What can you do to help encourage wood pellet use in the US? Write your congressmen, and senators. There have been a few bills that have been introduced but have not made it all the way through to fruition. Get both groups on board. You can visit the PFI's web page at http://www.pelletheat.org for more information. Here is a link to the Energiesparverband web site http://www.energiesparverband.com/esv/index.php?id=8&L=1

Pellet Forced Hot Air and Boiler Systems

(Harman rep with Bulk Fuel Bin and PB105- Reno HPBA March 2007)

Harman has long been the front runner in the pellet stove marketplace. It's underfired feed system has given us some of the largest btu, lowest maintenance pellet stoves available in the US. That coupled with Harman's strong coal, and wood furnace background lead to the introduction of their whole house pellet systems. The PF100 Pellet Furnace was first released in 2004. This innovative unit was the first pellet furnace to be made in and for the US market. In the fall of 2006 it was followed up with the PB105, the first pellet boiler manufactured in the US. The fall of 2007 showed continued innovation and promotion with the bulk fuel bin that Harman designed to work with both of their whole house units, as well as their P-series pellet stoves.

The PF100 contains the same control, feed, and venting systems as the Harman freestanding and insert stoves, just on a larger scale. It has an impressive heat range from 0 to 112,000 Btu's. The unit itself holds 160 pounds of pellets, or hook up Harman's latest innovation the bulk feed bin for 1400 pounds of hands free use. It's large ash pan means that cleaning needs to happen only after three or so tons have gone through. This is a great system that many people add to their homes for central heat. Some replace their old system entirely, while others leave their old system in place as a backup and simply install the pellet furnace in series by tapping into exisiting plenum systems.

Many areas use hot water, and forced hot water heat systems. While they had to wait a little longer it was well worth it. In 2006, Harman released the PB105. This unit will heat water up to 120C with a heat range of 0 to 112,000 Btu's. The optional hot water coil gives an added benefit of heating domestic hot water. Again using Harman's control, feed, and heat transfer system from their stoves and inserts. This unit has an extra large ash pan, and pellet hopper, as well as the ability to direct vent using a four inch PL rated pellet stove pipe. The bulk fuel bin may reduce filling to once or twice a month!

Harman's latest innovation gives us a glimpse of the future. The bulk fuel bin is designed has a small footprint, and is designed to be fed from bagged fuel, as the vast majority of pellet fuel is delivered in this manner. It is a step in the direction of elminating the bag, and moving to a bulk feed and delivery system. We may learn a great deal from Europe about bulk pellet fuel systems. They have pellet trucks that deliver fuel in much the same way as we have oil and propane delivery trucks here in the US. There are a handful of dealers and consumers who buy bulk pellets using bulk sacks, or other bulk deliveries such as rail, and I suspect that this method has room only to grow. New England Wood Pellet received a grant a few years back to purchase the first bulk pellet fuel delivery vehicle. Grain silos have been the predominant fuel holders in the US. Europeans often make wooden bins, or pellet closets that may be similar to what coal bins or closets were like in the late 1800 and early 1900's here.

In the coming years we may see other companies follow suit with similar boiler and forced hot air pellet systems. Central Boiler has recently released a multi-fuel outdoor system, Tarm offers an imported boiler or furnace system as examples. Europe's wood pellet leads the market as far as wood pellet boiler and furnace systems with many innovative and viable designs in place, but with people like Dane Harman behind the US market keep an eye out!